Lets learn English

Don’t waste these three: Time, Money and Energy

Lets learn English

Don’t waste these three: Time, Money and Energy

For the birds  - no good, worthless, ridiculous

 

Example : This conference is for the birds -- let's leave now

 

Do the trick  - If something does the trick, it has the necessary or desired effect

 

Example : This sauce needs a bit of flavor - I know, some lemon juice should do the trick.


To be on the safe side  - being especially careful in order to avoid something unpleasant

 

Example : I'm sure it won't rain, but I'll take an umbrella (just) to be on the safe side.


Trivial  - Of little significant value, ordinary

 

Example : Sexual harassment in the workplace is not a trivial matter

 
 

Culture shock  - A condition of confusion and anxiety affecting a person suddenly exposed to an alien culture

 

Example : It's not just jet lag -- it's the culture shock of being in a new country


On foot  - Walking or running, not using a vehicle.

 

Example : There's no road to the lodge; we have to get there on foot.


 

Internet scam - An illegal plan for making money in the internet

That kind of internet scam is all too common these days


Call in sick - Telephone one's employer or school that one is ill and cannot come to work or attend

She called in sick

Let off steam - relieve one's pent-up feelings

 

Example : He lifts weights after work to let off steam


Ins and outs - The detailed or complicated facts of something

 

Example : I know how to use computers, but I don't really understand the ins and outs of how they work.


Wet blanket - A person who says or does something that stops other people enjoying themselves 

Please don't be a wet blanket.


Inappropriate - Not proper

 

Example : His casual behavior was wholly inappropriate for such a formal occasion


Flesh and blood - One's blood relatives

 

Example : I couldn't send him away - he's my own flesh and blood.


Make a beeline for - to go directly and quickly towards

 

Example : At parties he always makes a beeline for the prettiest woman in the room.


Swamp - If something swamps a person, system or place, they receive more of it than they can easily deal with
 
Example : I'm swamped with work at the moment.
 

Put you up - to provide you with a place to stay temporarily

 

Example : Tracy is putting me up for the weekend.


Bend over backwards - try hard to do something

 

Example : I've been bending over backwards trying to help you and this is all the thanks I get


Moonlight  - To work at an additional job, especially without telling your main employer

 

Example : A qualified teacher, he moonlighted as a cabbie in the evenings to pay the rent


Call it quits  - To stop doing something

 

Example : This ground is far too stony for a garden so I'm calling it quits

 

Veg out  - to relax and spend time doing very little

 

Example : I'm exhausted - I think I'll just go home and veg out in front of the TV tonight


ادامه مطلب ...

Negation Form and Use

today's idiom

ًَُturn someone off

Disgust someone


Example

When John burped after dinner  
   it really turned Sue off


shape up or ship up 

Behave properly or leave

.

 Example

You have to behave yourself
It is time for you to shape up or ship out


phrasal verbs

do over
To repeat, to do again

Example:
I have to do over my homework
because I spilled ink on my paper

ادامه مطلب ...

About
1 About identifies a topic.
Pattern 1: noun + be + about + noun
This book is about prepositions.
Nouns commonly used before about:
argument, article, book, conversation, disagreement, discussion, joke, lecture, movie, news, play, program, report, speech, story
Pattern 2: noun + about + noun
She gave me advice about my loan.
Nouns commonly used before about:
assurance, complaint, comment, gossip, lie, question, statement, truth
Pattern 3: verb + about + noun
He often talks about his job.
Verbs commonly used before about:
agree, argue, brag, care, complain, cry, do, dream, forget, groan, hear, joke, know, laugh, lie, moan, pray, read, say, scream, sing, talk, think, wonder, worry, yell
Expressions:
to see about—
1. to delay a decision until more information is known
We want to buy a house, but we will see about that later.
2. to get information about
I called that office to see about getting a job there.
to find out about—to get information about
She called the school to find out about her daughter's behavior.
Pattern 4: verb + noun + about
She knows something about airplanes.
Typical verbs used with this pattern:
ask, find out, know, learn, say
Typical nouns used before about:
a little, a lot, quite a bit, nothing, something, very little
Pattern 5: verb + indirect object + about + noun
They asked me about my trip.
Verbs commonly used with this pattern:
advise, ask, bother, contact, harass, question, remind, teach, tell, write
Pattern 6: adjective + about + noun
They were very kind about our late arrival.
Adjectives commonly used before about:
charming, kind, nasty, nice, mean, rude, sweet, understanding, unkind
2 About can identify the cause of an emotion or condition.
Pattern: adjective + about + noun
We are excited about our vacation.

 

  1. About
  1.  
  1.  
  1.  
  1. 1 About identifies a topic.
  2. Pattern 1: noun + be + about + noun
    This book is about prepositions.
  3. Nouns commonly used before about:
    argument, article, book, conversation, disagreement, discussion, joke, lecture, movie, news, play, program, report, speech, story
  4. Pattern 2: noun + about + noun
    She gave me advice about my loan.
  5. Nouns commonly used before about:
    assurance, complaint, comment, gossip, lie, question, statement, truth
  6. Pattern 3: verb + about + noun
    He often talks about his job.
  7. Verbs commonly used before about:
    agree, argue, brag, care, complain, cry, do, dream, forget, groan, hear, joke, know, laugh, lie, moan, pray, read, say, scream, sing, talk, think, wonder, worry, yell
  8. Expressions:
  9. to see about—
  10. 1. to delay a decision until more information is known
    We want to buy a house, but we will see about that later.
  11. 2. to get information about
    I called that office to see about getting a job there.
  12. to find out about—to get information about
    She called the school to find out about her daughter's behavior.
  13. Pattern 4: verb + noun + about
    She knows something about airplanes.
  14. Typical verbs used with this pattern:
    ask, find out, know, learn, say
  15. Typical nouns used before about:
    a little, a lot, quite a bit, nothing, something, very little
  16. Pattern 5: verb + indirect object + about + noun
    They asked me about my trip.
  17. Verbs commonly used with this pattern:
    advise, ask, bother, contact, harass, question, remind, teach, tell, write
  18. Pattern 6: adjective + about + noun
    They were very kind about our late arrival.
  19. Adjectives commonly used before about:
    charming, kind, nasty, nice, mean, rude, sweet, understanding, unkind
  20. 2 About can identify the cause of an emotion or condition.
  21. Pattern: adjective + about + noun
    We are excited about our vacation.

compound nouns

strong- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered
well- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered
quick- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered
light- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered
cold- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered
half- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered
open- headed, skinned, dressed, minded, hearted, behaved, tempered

استرس

۱. معمولاً تکیه هر کلمه روی ریشه کلمه است. غالباً در اسمها چون ریشه کلمه در بخش اول می باشد تکیه روی بخش اول است.

 'doctor                 'paper

2. معمولاً در فعل ها چون ریشه کلمه در بخش دوم است تکیه روی بخش دوم است.

be'gin                en'joy

3. اکثر پسوندها مانند (ful – ness- est- er- or- ing- en- ed- es) تکیه ندارند.

'watches – 'worked – 'broken – 'playing – 'actor – 'teacher – 'biggest – 'kindness – 'useful

4. اکثر پیشوندها مانند (be – re – pre – mis – in – un – im) تکیه ندارند.

Im'possible – un'happy – in'fact – mis'take – re'port – pre'tend – be'fore

5. در کلماتی که با tele شروع می شوند تکیه روی tele می باشد.

'telephone                'television

6. در اسامی روزهای هفته، اسامی فصل ها تکیه روی بخش اول است.

'Sunday                    'summer                       'holiday

7. سیلاب قبل از tion دارای تکیه است.

'dictionary                  infor'mation                 conver'sation

8. در کلماتی که به teen ختم می شوند تکیه روی teen می باشد.

fif 'teen                       six'teen

9. در کلماتی که به nese ختم می شوند تکیه روی nese می باشد.

Chin'ese                     Japan'ese

10. در اعدادی که به ty ختم می شوند تکیه روی قسمت اول است.

'forty                           'fifty

11. در اسمهای مربوط به روابط خویشاوندی تکیه روی بخش اول است.

'mother                     'brother               'sister              'brother – in – law

۱۲. در اسامی مرکب (noun + noun) تکیه روی بخش اول است.

 'classroom                'football

13. در ترکیب (noun + adjective ) استرس روی اسم قرار دارد .

green 'house              cheap 'skates

14. هرگاه بخشی از کلمه صدای اِ کوتاه /ə/ بدهد آن بخش از کلمه دارای تکیه نیست و تکیه روی بخش دیگر است.

a'gain                          a'bout

15. ضمائر، حروف تعریف، حروف اضافه و افعال Modal و کلمات مخفف دارای تکیه ضعیف هستند.

It's 'good

16. در ترکیباتی که با good شروع می شود مانند good bye  استرس روی کلمه بعدی است.

good 'bye                    good 'morning

17. در ضمایر انعکاسی استرس روی کلمه self قرار دارد.

my'self                              your'self

18. در دو بخشی های مختوم به ow استرس روی بخش اول قرار دارد.

'borrow                              'yellow

19. در بعضی از کلمات با تغییر استرس اسم به فعل تبدیل می شود.

import-noun                   im'port-verb

present-noun                  pre'sent-verb

Idioms and expressions

all in a day's work

Definition: nothing special, part of the routine

Don't worry about it. It's all in a day's work.
Cooking is all in a day's work.

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

Definition: Idiom meaning that you need to have fun in order to be a happy, healthy person

Go home! Remember: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
I'm worried about him. He hasn't yet understood that all work and no play makes jack a dull boy.

dirty work

Definition: Necessary, but uninteresting, or difficult work

He did the dirty work on that project.
Have you got around to doing the dirty work yet?

get down to work

Definition: Stop relaxing, focus on important task

Hey, let's get down to work here!
Sorry, I've got to get off the phone and get down to work.

get worked up over something

Definition: become angry or annoyed about something

He got all worked up over the last exam.
Don't get worked up over the garden. I'll take care of it tomorrow.

make short work of something

Definition: do something quickly

I made short work of the assignment and moved on to the next job.
Give it to John. He'll make short work of it.

work like a horse

Definition: work a lot, work very hard

Janet works like a horse!
Why don't you ask Tom. He works like a horse.

work out for the best

Definition: eventually finish well

Don't worry about your problems. Everything will work out for the best.
The divorce worked out for the best for the whole family.

work something off

Definition: lose weight

I'm going running to work dinner off.
She went to the gym to work off a few pounds.

throw a monkey wrench in the works

Definition: cause a disturbance in something that seems clear and understandable

I hate to throw a monkey wrench in the works, but don't you think we should ask Andy to help.
Everything was set to go when Jack threw a monkey wrench in the works!

Intensifiers

categorically - in every manner, without reserve
deeply - strongly, with much feeling
enthusiastically - with great joy
freely - without hesitation
fully - completely, without any doubt
honestly - truly believing
positively - without any doubt
readily - without hesitation
sincerely - with best wishes
strongly - with conviction
totally - without any doubt
utterly - without any doubt.                                   categorically deny - In no way did I do something.   deeply regret - I am strongly sorry for my actions.   enthusiastically endorse - I happily, and with my whole heart believe in something.                                         freely appreciate - I certainly understand something.    fully recognize - I am aware of some situation.
honestly believe - I think something is true without any doubt.
positively encourage - I hope that you do something very strongly
readily endorse - I believe in something someone else does without hesitation.                                                 sincerely hope - I honestly want something for someone else.                                                                            strongly recommend - I really think you should do something.                                                               totally reject - I refuse to believe or do in any case.   utterly refuse - I completely do not want to do or believe

Here are example sentences for each of these emphatic expressions.                                                                         We categorically deny any involvement in the scandal.        I deeply regret the loss of your loved one.                         I enthusiastically endorse the local cancer society.        We freely appreciate the current difficulties in this market.   I fully recognize your need to improve your career.            I honestly believe he is telling the truth.                     We'd like to positively encourage you to buy this stock. Our company readily endorses his run for office.               I sincerely hope you are able to find employment soon.     I'd like to strongly recommend you visit an employment specialist.                                                                    They totally reject any compromise in these negotiations.   I'm afraid I utterly refuse to believe anything he says

today's word

shenanigan • \shuh-NAN-ih-gun\ noun

 a devious trick used especially for an underhand purpose
a : tricky or questionable practices or conduct -- usually used in plural
b : high-spirited or mischievous activity -- usually used in plural

Example Sentence:

The CEO resigned amid accusations of financial shenanigans and dubious deals.

today's word

ramshackle • \RAM-shak-ul\ adjective

 appearing ready to collapse : rickety
 carelessly or loosely constructed

Example Sentence:

The properties were separated by a ramshackle wooden fence that was just barely held together with chicken wire.

Idioms: Personal Feelings and Opinions

It's really difficult to figure out what you mean if you don't explain yourself. Figure out: to understand after consideration

 

I'd like to apologize for last weekend. I feel guilty about not having telephoned to say I wouldn't be able to come. Feel guilty: to feel bad about something you have done.

 

He is dying to go to the Red Hot Chili Pepper's concert next week. Be dying to: be very eager or keen to do something.

 

I just can't stand listening to him lecture. He is so boring! Can't stand: despise or hate something.

 

They're not sure that want to get married. I think they are getting cold feet. Get cold feet: become unsure about an important decision.

 

He really did poorly on the test. When it came to take it, he went blank and couldn't answer anything. Go blank: not remember anything - happens often on tests!

 

Jason is having a hard time getting over the death of his cat. Get over: recover from an illness or very bad news.

 

He must be kidding! He can't really mean what he says. Be kidding: be joking, not serious.

 

When you think really hard, you should always be able to know what you feel deep down. Feel deep down: your true feelings about something.

 

Unfortunately, he is having second thoughts about the car he just bought. It seems that it doesn't get very good mileage. Have second thoughts: be unsure of something you have already done - very similar to get cold feet, only that, in this case, the action has already been completed.

Confusing Word Pairs

accede: stick to agreement
exceed: surpass
accept: receive
except: exclude

adapt: adjust
adept: proficient

adverse: opposed
averse: not interested

affect: change, influence
effect: (v) to bring about (n) result, impression

all right: all right
alright: outdated usage

allude: refer to indirectly
elude: avoid

altar: place of worship
alter: to change

appraise: value
apprise: inform, notify

capital:seat of government; money
capitol: building where legislative body meets

complement:something that completes (noun); to complete (verb).
compliment: a flattering remark (noun); to praise (verb)

continual: happens frequently in time: close succession
continuous: uninterrupted

emigration: moving from a country
immigration: moving to a country

eminent: outstanding, revered
imminent: threatening to happen soon

everyday: The everyday (ordinary) routine of working
every day: Call me every day (each day) this week.

farther: refers to actual distance
further: refers to figurative distance

imply: speaker implies (suggests)
infer: hearer infers (perceives)

floe: large sheet of floating ice
flow: move, run freely, circulate

lay: to set down, to place or put an item down
lie: to recline

pray: to ask for by prayer or supplication
prey: animal hunted or caught for food; victim

principal: first in authority; main participant; amount of a debt less interest
principle: basic truth or assumption

raise: to cause to lift or to lift something
rise: to ascend, move upward, or get up

real: adjective (real sugar)
really: adverb (really wishing for...)

set: to place something somewhere
sit: to be in a position of rest or to be seated

stationary: not moving: fixed
stationery: writing material: letterhead, envelopes, etc.

suit: a set of clothes; legal action
suite: number of items making up a set, series, or sequence

waiver: the giving up of a claim
waver: to hesitate; also tremble or quaver

Confusing Word Triplets

ensure: to make sure or certain; guarantee; to protect insure: to take out or issue insurance; to pay or be paid money in the case of loss assure: convince, make sure of something, to give confidence; to declare or promise confidently
to: in the direction of; toward too: in addition; as well, also two: more than one; less than three
their: belonging to; possessive of "they" there: at, or in that place they're: combination of "they are"

HOMONYM

HOMONYM: One of two or more words having the same sound and often the same spelling but different meanings. Examples: quail (cower), and quail (bird) fair (appearance), fair (county fair), and fair (reasonable).

HOMOPHONE: One of two or more words pronounced the same but different in meaning, origin, and sometimes spelling. Examples: cite, sight, and site; sea and see; your and you're; bow and bough.

HOMOGRAPH: One of two or more words spelled alike but different in origin, meaning, and sometimes pronunciation. Examples: bow of a ship, a bow and arrow, and a bow (deference/manners).

HETERONYM: One of two or more words that are spelled the same but that differ in pronunciation and meaning. Examples: bass (voice) and bass (fish); polish (shine) and Polish (from Poland); tear (rip) and tear (from eye.

Verbs + From

bar someone from (doing) something - Jack has barred Jennifer from visiting his daughter.
bar someone from a place - The police barred Peter from the shopping mall.
benefit from (doing) something - Students benefit from listening to news reports on the radio.
derive something from something - He derived the meaning from the context of the sentence.
deter someone from (doing) something - Please deter your children from walking across busy avenues.
differ from something - Our cheese differs from our competitor's cheese because of its superior quality.
distinguish one thing from another thing - I'm afraid he can't distinguish a British accent from a Irish accent.
distract someone from something - Please distract Tim from the television.
exempt someone from (doing) something - The judge exempted the young man from doing extra community service.
expel someone from a place - The children were expelled form school for their bad behavior.
refrain from (doing) something - Nancy refrains from smoking at work.
resign from (doing) something - Jacques resigned from his position.
result from (doing) something - The unrest results from our politicians lack of seriousness about the situation.
stem from (doing) something - The poor results stem from his lack of experience.
suffer from (doing) something - He will suffer from studying too little

Verbs + For

be for something / someone - I'm for Mayor Martini.
account for something - That accounts for his success.
allow for something - I think you need to allow for misunderstandings.
apologize for something / someone - Jackson apologized for his rude behavior.
blame someone for (doing) something - I blame Janet for the broken pottery.
care for (doing) something / someone - He doesn't care for playing golf.
charge someone for (doing) something - The accountant charged him $400 for his advice.
count for something - Your good marks count for 50% of your grade.
earmark something for a use - Congress earmarked $6 million for safety improvements.
pay for someone / something - Let me pay for Tom

Verbs + At

be at something - The exhibition is at the modern art gallery.
glance at something - Can I glance at that for a moment?
guess at something - She guessed at the answer.
hint at something - My mom hinted at my present.
marvel at something - I marvel at your math abilities.

Verbs + Against

be against something / someone - I am against the new regulation.
insure something against something - We insured our house against storm damage.
protest against (doing) something - The students are protesting against the invasion.